Kulak is a term that originated in Russia during the early 20th century to describe wealthy peasants who were seen as class enemies by the Communist regime. The word itself means "fist" or "clenched hand" in Russian, and it has come to be associated with members of the bourgeoisie who opposed collectivization and supported capitalism. There are several synonyms for kulak, including "capitalist," "bourgeois," "landowner," "rich peasant," and "class enemy." These terms were used by the Soviet government to justify the confiscation of land and property from kulaks, who were often subjected to brutal repression and forced labor. The legacy of the kulak remains a contentious issue in Russian history, reflecting the ongoing struggle between socialism and capitalism.