The Sarnat staging classification was developed to classify the severity of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), a type of brain damage that occurs when the brain is depraved of oxygen and blood flow. Synonyms for Sarnat staging include neonatal encephalopathy staging, HIE staging, and perinatal asphyxia staging. These classifications all serve to describe the severity of HIE, ranging from mild to severe. The purpose of using these classifications is to help determine the best course of treatment and provide a prognosis for the infant's future development. Understanding the severity of HIE is crucial for healthcare professionals in providing appropriate care and support for both the infant and their family.