Francois Duvalier was a Haitian politician who served as the President of Haiti from 1957 to 1971. He was also known by other names such as Papa Doc, Duvalier I, and Doctor of Death. He was often referred to as Papa Doc due to his involvement in voodoo and his use of it as a means of control over the Haitian people. He was also called Duvalier I as he was succeeded by his son, Jean-Claude Duvalier, who became known as Baby Doc. The term Doctor of Death was given to him due to the atrocities committed during his regime, including the use of death squads and torture to maintain power.