Germline mutation is a genetic mutation that occurs in the germ cells (sperm and egg cells) and is inherited by the offspring. There are several synonyms for germline mutation, including hereditary mutation, inherited mutation, or congenital mutation. Other terms used to describe this type of mutation include constitutional mutation, familial mutation, or genetic variant. In the context of cancer genetics, germline mutations are often referred to as predisposition mutations or genetic susceptibility mutations. These mutations can increase an individual's risk of developing certain cancers, including breast, ovarian, and colon cancer. Understanding germline mutations is important for genetic counseling and cancer risk assessment.