Post-transcriptional regulation refers to the processes that occur after transcription, which is the formation of RNA from DNA. These processes affect the expression of proteins encoded by genes, and they are crucial for proper cellular function. Synonyms for post-transcriptional regulation include RNA processing, RNA splicing, RNA editing, and RNA degradation. These processes involve the modification, removal, or addition of components to RNA molecules, which then affect protein synthesis. Understanding post-transcriptional regulation is essential for developing treatments for diseases that are caused by dysregulation of gene expression, such as cancer and genetic disorders.