A XOR circuit is a digital logic circuit that performs an exclusive disjunction. It is also commonly known as an XOR gate or an Exclusive OR gate. This gate is used in various applications such as in encryption, hardware random number generators, adders, comparators, and parity generators. The XOR circuit can also be referred to as a comparator, a half-adder, or a parity checker. In some cases, it is also called an Inequality Detector or a Boolean function for addition. Despite being called by different names, the objective of an XOR circuit remains the same - to compare two binary inputs and produce an output based on the presence or absence of these inputs.