Aflaj is an Arabic term for an intricate system of underground or surface water channels that are used for irrigation purposes. Some synonyms for the word Aflaj include canals, ditches, channels, conduits, and irrigation networks. These channels are typically constructed in regions that experience low rainfall and are reliant on groundwater for agricultural purposes. They were developed in ancient times and are still in use today, mainly in the Middle East and North Africa regions. The Aflaj systems are an essential part of agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions, and they have helped local communities to sustain their livelihoods for centuries.