Arytenoid cartilage is a pair of cartilages within the larynx that form the back wall of the glottis. It is an important structure that helps in vocalization and airway protection during swallowing. There are a few synonyms for arytenoid cartilage, such as vocal process, corniculate cartilage, and musculi arytenoidei. The vocal process is a protrusion of the arytenoid cartilage that serves as an attachment site for the vocal cords. The corniculate cartilage is a small cartilage that sits atop the arytenoid cartilage and helps to support the epiglottis. Finally, the musculi arytenoidei are muscles that attach to and move the arytenoid cartilage, allowing for changes in vocal pitch and volume.