Optimal foraging theory refers to the concept of maximizing the efficiency of foraging behaviour to obtain the most benefits with the least effort. There are several synonyms for optimal foraging theory, such as efficient foraging theory, optimal foraging hypothesis, rational foraging theory, and economic foraging theory. These synonyms all deal with the idea of maximizing benefits while minimizing costs. Optimal foraging theory has been studied extensively in animal behaviour as it allows researchers to understand how animals make decisions about their food sources and the environment they live in. This theory has also been applied to human behaviour, such as in the field of economics, where individuals seek to maximize their benefits from resources while minimizing their costs.