Staphyloma is a medical term used to describe a bulging or protruding of the outer coat of the eye, primarily the cornea or sclera. The condition can be due to a weakened area in the protective tissue of the eye. Staphyloma is relatively rare but can lead to vision loss if not treated promptly. Synonyms for the term include ocular hernia, ocular ectasia, corneal ectasia, and scleral ectasia. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent the progression of the condition. Patients with staphyloma may experience blurred vision, photophobia, halos, and other visual disturbances that can affect their daily life.